1. Get Vaccinated
– HPV Vaccine: The HPV vaccine is one of the most effective ways to prevent certain types of HPV that can lead to cervical cancer and other HPV-related diseases. Vaccination is recommended for preteens and can be beneficial for individuals up to age 26 and, in some cases, even older.
2. Use Condoms Consistently and Correctly
– Condom Usage: Using latex or polyurethane condoms during vaginal, anal, and oral sex can significantly reduce the risk of HPV transmission. While condoms do not offer complete protection against HPV (as they don’t cover all genital areas), they can lower the risk of transmission and reduce the chance of contracting other STIs.
– Barriers for Oral Sex: Consider using dental dams (thin sheets of latex or polyurethane) during oral sex to reduce risk, especially if you or your partner have multiple sexual partners.
3. Limit Number of Sexual Partners
– **Fewer Partners**: Reducing the number of sexual partners you have can lower your risk of exposure to HPV and other STIs. Having a mutually monogamous relationship (where both partners agree to be sexually exclusive) can also help reduce risk.
4. Open Communication with Partners
– Discuss Sexual Health: Having honest conversations about sexual history, STI testing, and vaccination status with potential sexual partners is essential. Knowing your partner’s sexual health status can help you make informed decisions about safety.
5. Regular Health Check-Ups
– Screening for STIs: Regular check-ups and screenings for STIs can help detect infections early, even if there are no symptoms. Discuss testing schedules with your healthcare provider based on your sexual activity and history.
– Cervical Cancer Screenings: For individuals with a cervix, following guidelines for Pap tests and HPV screening is important for early detection of any abnormalities that may arise from HPV infection.
6. Avoid Alcohol and Drug Impairment
– Stay Clear-headed: Avoiding excessive alcohol and drugs can help you make better decisions about sexual encounters and adherence to safe sex practices.
7. Avoid Sexual Activity with Obvious Symptoms
– Recognize Symptoms: If you or your partner have signs of an STI (such as unusual discharge, sores, genital warts, or abnormal bleeding), it’s important to avoid sexual activity until you have been evaluated and treated by a healthcare professional.
8. Maintain Good Sexual Hygiene
– General Hygiene: Practicing good hygiene before and after sexual activity can help reduce the risk of infections. Washing the genital area and using clean, safe products can promote overall sexual health.